Accepted Abstracts -- 2021

More than Trendy: Huxley’s Reception in Interwar Hungary (Accepted)

Type of Abstract (select):

Abstract (max. 250 words):
Sizzling with the excitement of innovation while fraught with ideological controversy, the literary life of Hungary in the interwar period can teach us valuable lessons about cultural receptiveness. This is demonstrated by the speedy, varied and perceptive reception of Aldous Huxley’s works. From the conservative Magyar Szemle and its regional counterpart Erdélyi Helikon through the bourgeois-radical Nyugat to the left-leaning Új Szó, every quality magazine carried a fresh translation or an insightful review of this intriguing Englishman’s writings. Hungary’s publishing houses were equally busy issuing one Huxley-volume after another, beginning in 1933, with A végzet bábjátéka, a curiously titled translation of Point Counter Point. However, the accolade for discovering Huxley for the Hungarian reader goes to Pásztortűz, the Transylvanian magazine which published a short story of the writer as early as 1932. In Huxley's critical evaluation, speed was coupled with insight: Mihály Babits, Antal Szerb, László Cs. Szabó, László Németh, Fejtő Ferencz, or László Országh each revealed something important about the novelist’s achievement. The Englishman sympathised with those marginalized in the new world order, he clearly saw the dangers of the age’s two totalitarian systems and how individual selfhood itself could disintegrate, while he experimented with musical composition, narrative multi-perspectivism and metafictionality – these were some of his commentators’ keen observations. That Huxley’s Hungarian critics often embraced vastly different politics did not prevent them from uniting their efforts to understand and promote the best that was being thought and said in the world outside Hungary.


Brief Professional Bio (max. 100 words):
Ákos István Farkas teaches twentieth-century literature at the Department of English Studies of Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, where he coordinates the work of a modernism team and heads a doctoral programme in literature. His research includes a variety of interests from the modernist heritage of the contemporary novel (see his Will’s Son and Jake’s Peer: Anthony Burgess’ Joycean Negotiations) to the interaction between Hungarian and English-language cultures and literatures. His familiarity with Aldous Huxley’s oeuvre, on which he wrote his Habilitationsschrift, was broadened by his acting as series editor of Aldous Huxley’s works reissued in Hungarian translation.

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Exploring Hungarian English Learners’ Imagined Second Language Habitus (Accepted)

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Abstract (max. 250 words):
Fekete’s (2018) concept of the language learner’s imagined second language habitus refers to how language learners speak, act, and think differently using the second language from how they would do so in their mother tongue. The concept is linked to Bourdieu’s (1997) construct of habitus, Kristeva’s (1980) concept of desire and her understanding of the realm of the semiotic and the realm of the symbolic (1987), Sussman’s (2002) cultural identity model, and Kramsch’s (2009) concept of the subjectivity-in-process. Furthermore, imagination plays a crucial role in creating learners’ imagined second language habitus.

In this qualitative study, involving 38 first-year English majors studying at the University of Pécs, in Hungary, I explore how these English learners think, feel, act and speak differently using English and Hungarian. Data were collected with the help of a structured writing task, and I employed qualitative content analysis to make sense of the qualitative datasets.
The participants recall changes in their way of thinking, acting, and feeling, as well as in their voice when they switch between English and Hungarian. The findings of the study provide empirical evidence for the construction of an imagined second language habitus in advanced English learners that they adopt in English language interactions, shaping their identity construction in and via English.



Brief Professional Bio (max. 100 words):
Adrienn Fekete is a Junior Lecturer at the Department of English Applied Linguistics, University of Pécs, in Hungary. She received her PhD degree in 2018. Her research interests include multilingual and multicultural identity construction in the process of language learning, the language learner’s individual differences, English as a lingua franca, and the study of complex dynamics systems theory in language education. Her courses focus on individual differences in second language acquisition, intercultural communication, educational drama, teaching methodology, and language development. Adrienn has studied and lived in the U.S.A. and has been a guest lecturer at a Spanish university.

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Cultural and Personal Identity in a Mixed Linguistic and Cultural Environment (Accepted)

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Abstract (max. 250 words):
By mixing codes intentionally in their printed media, bilinguals can construct and reconstruct a separate third space identity which relies upon the dissimilar cultural environment. Jonsson (2014) introduced the term third space identity to describe bilinguals’ identity, which can be considered a combination of their identity associated with their native language and culture on the one hand, and with the dominant language and culture on the other, moreover this identity cannot be regarded as a stable but rather a fluid phenomenon. In our paper, we argue that the concept of “third space” can be valid for the mixed code discourse, which is a language variety (cf. Mahootian, 2005) with a dissimilar communicative role which contributors to the publications use intentionally and consciously to mark their identity and to highlight their relationship with their heritage within the mainstream language and culture. The illustrations supporting this paper are derived from the homepages and newsletters of the Hungarian communities living in the United States of America.
References:

Jonsson, Carla. “Making Silenced Voices Heard: Code-switching in Multilingual Literary Texts in Sweden.” Language Mixing and Code-Switching in Writing. Approaches to Mixed-Language Written Discourse. Eds. Mark Sebba, Shahrzad Mahootian and Carla Jonsson. New York: Routledge. 2014, pp. 212-232.
Mahootian, Shahrzad. 2005. “Linguistic change and social meaning: Codeswithing in the media.” International Journal of Bilingualism. Vol 9. No. 3&4. (pp. 361-375)



Brief Professional Bio (max. 100 words):
Éva Forintos (PhD) is associate professor at the English and American Studies Institute of the University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary lecturing on linguistics and applied linguistics. Her research interests include bilingualism and contact linguistics. Her publications are mainly related to the contact linguistic study of the language of Hungarian minority communities in English speaking countries as well as the domain language use of these communities.

András, Ferenc (PhD habil.) is associate professor at the University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary. His main research areas are the philosophy of language and communication. His book – entitled in English The Philosophy of Spatial Communications (Gondolat Kiadó, Budapest, 2010) – examines the problem of meaning-skepticisms. As a managing editor of a regional television channel, he is also involved in producing documentaries on philosophy, scientific research and education.

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Christian Translational Crossroads. James Joyce Ulysses című regényének legújabb magyar fordításáról. (Accepted)

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Abstract (max. 250 words):
James Joyce Ulysses című műve a XX. századi világirodalom legfontosabb alkotásainak az egyikeként több magyar nyelvű fordítást is megért már. Legutóbb a Magyar James Joyce Műhely vállalkozott 2012-ben a magnum opus közvetítésére az Európa Kiadónál. Nemcsak indokolt, hanem a megjelenést követően méltán ünnepelt is ez a fordítás. Előadásomban egyetlen szempontból, a keresztény és azon belül kitüntetetten a katolikus teológia és liturgia gazdagon szőtt intertextualitásának a fordítási eredményeit vizsgálom. A Joyce szövegben alapmintázatok egyikeként jelenlévő zsidó-keresztény vallási tradíció sorsa a magyar fordításban egyszerre elméleti, interkulturális és értelmezői szempontok mentén is kikérdezhető. A fordítás nyelvi és kulturális értékelése egyúttal a regény hazai irodalomtudományos értelmezéséhez is hozzá kíván járulni.


Brief Professional Bio (max. 100 words):
Márton Hoványi is a theologian and literary theorist. He was born in Budapest in 1986. He received his first Ph.D. degree (summa cum laude – 2017) from the Faculty of Humanities of Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE) in literature. His dissertation was on Péter Hajnóczy's ouvre. He received his Licentiate of Sacred Theology (summa cum laude – 2017) from the Faculty of Theology of Pázmány Péter Catholic University (PPKE). Now he is a Ph.D. candidate at the same University (PPKE). He carried out research work in Belgium (K.U. Leuven) and in the U.K. (University of Oxford). He published his first book entitled Prophetic Counterparts in The Brothers Karamazov, in 2015. He delivered a talk concerning his research topics at Harvard University (Cambridge/MA), University of Pittsburgh (PA), Georgetown University (Washington, D.C.), KU Leuven (Belgium), University of Oxford (UK), Hungarian Academy of Science (Budapest). He was a Visiting Research Fellow at Yale University for a year (2018-2019) and currently is a senior lecturer at ELTE. His fields of research are: the theology of desire, theological hermeneutics and the relationship between deconstruction and constructive theology, comparative literature, literary theory, F. M. Dostoevsky, Hungarian Prosaic works in the 20-21st century.

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Language Attitudes Among Vlax Gypsies of a Village in Baranya County (Accepted)

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Abstract (max. 250 words):
This research examines (1) language attitudes, (2) patterns of language use, (3) and the connection between mother tongue and identity. The aim is to inquire about the situation of the Romani language, in particular the Lovari dialect; I examine how certain language varieties, correlate with the other social/sociological variables (gender, age). The research was in a village in Baranya county, namely in Bicsérd. Based on my private experiences and former studies I was sure that the vlax gypsy inhabitants would cooperate with me. My main questions were as follows: how the interviewed people think about their mother tongue in the light of the Hungarian language and other gypsy languages and dialects (especially Boyash)? What other Romany dialects do they know? In the frame of A nyelvi másság dimenziói [The dimensions of language otherness] project the questionnaire (made by Csilla Bartha and Anna Orsós) was conducted on the language of the community and was recorded on tape. I used the Lovari version of the questionnaire in my research. Because of the low number of participants (20) during the data-analysis I used qualitative and quantitative methods as well. In the conference I would like to present the researches results.

„SUPPORTED BY THE ÚNKP-19-3-II NEW NATIONAL EXCELLENCE PROGRAM OF THE MINISTRY FOR INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGY.”


Brief Professional Bio (max. 100 words):
Krisztina Karácsonyi graduated in 2019 as a teacher of Hungarian language and literature, and a teacher of ethnography and ethnology. Currently, she is a PhD student in Sociology of Education at the University of Pécs (Education and Society Doctoral School of Education). She is interested in Romani language, through the perspective of theoretical linguistics, sociolinguistics and language pedagogy.

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From Both Inside and Ouside: Transylvanian Hungarians Reimagining Themselves through Language (Accepted)

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Abstract (max. 250 words):
In the Hungarian imagination, the term Transylvania tends to carry a nostalgic and mythologized connotation. Along with this, the ethno-linguistic minority we refer to as ”erdélyi magyarok” (Transylvanian Hungarians) is often imagined from the outside as rather homogeneous and static when it comes to their social and linguistic identities. Yet, empirical data collected through narrative interviews reveal a far more complex and dynamic picture of perceived cultural memberships and language practices. The paper will discuss the preliminary findings of a longitudinal study focusing on a small group of Transylvanian Hungarians living in Hungary. Drawing on Bruner’s work on narrative identity construction (1987) and on Anderston’s construct of imagined community (1983), the study explores how participants perceive and define themselves as members of multiple communities through narratives, and how their personal and collective identities are negotiated through linguistic practices across contexts. It also looks into how different languages (Hungarian and Romanian) may gain symbolic value and inspire resistance or resilience depending on the social and political context. Participants were selected through convenience sampling by involving the author’s friends (the author herself also being a Transylvanian Hungarian now living in Hungary). Data were collected through qualitative processes. (1) Field notes documenting the author’s own experiences and observations were used to generate research questions and to get an emic perspective; (2) narrative interviews were used to gain insights into participants’ memories and reflections on their changing identities.


Brief Professional Bio (max. 100 words):
Réka Lugossy is an Associate Professor in English Applied Linguistics at the Institute of English Studies, University of Pécs. She started her career as a teacher of English and Romanian in Transylvania (Romania). Since then she has published mainly on the role of narratives and picture books in children’s cognitive, emotional, and linguistic development, on young learners’ bilingual education, and on teachers’cognition.

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The Reconstruction of the Sign in Ágnes Gergely’s Lifework by Translating the Self into the Other (Accepted)

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Abstract (max. 250 words):
Self-citation, repetition and reorganization of certain texts over time in Ágnes Gergely’s oeuvre is a phenomenon that has been frequently mentioned but not yet systematically analysed. This phenomenon is considered to be a characteristic of Gergely’s works, but further investigation suggests it to be central to understanding her writing. These repetitions and re-writes (over-writes, or in other words translations) form a structure of infinite circles that point to each other very much alike the interpretative mechanism in rabbinical commentary tradition. With the analysis of these circles and the relationship of various texts in the oeuvre Gergely’s semiotics and concept of language unfolds. The vulnerability of the self and the unrepresentability of signs, along with the realization of the linguistic world being a closed entity lead to Gergely’s unique sign-construction and recontextualization that manifests itself in the repetitive nature of her lifework. This sign-construction - especially when replacement is also involved - is often related to translation. Translation as a thematic feature, in this way a field of cultural crossroads (e.g. the novel ‘The Interpreter’), translation as a structural feature (e.g. in ‘The Chicago Version’ the translation of a Kosztolányi poem gives the structural frame of the novel in which the protagonist is an actress who, in the role of Desdemona, finds her own self by citing her English translation of the poem), and translation as a professional practice (Gergely translated poems by Christopher Okigbo, W. B. Yeats, Edgar Lee Master, Sylvia Plath, Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, and many others.)


Brief Professional Bio (max. 100 words):
Kinga Nagy studied Mathematics, Literature, and Literary Translation at Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE) in Budapest. She holds an MSc in Mathematics and an MA in Literature, and is currently a part-time PhD student in Literature at ELTE and a part-time Mathematics teacher at SEK Budapest. Her poems, short stories, translations and book reviews have appeared in Hungarian literary magazines like Élet és Irodalom, Műút, Apokrif, Irodalomismeret, Litera and a translation anthology called Pofon. She was a Fulbright VSR grantee for the 2019 fall semester, conducting research at the University of Iowa on Ágnes Gergely, a former International Writing Program participant.

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Ötvenhatos Hungarians’Language Socialization: Two Case Studies (Accepted)

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Abstract (max. 250 words):
A recent “social turn” (Block, 2003) has shifted interest towards language socialization studies, but “insufficient research has examined …. older adults” (Duff, 2017, p. xi). Adults are socialized in their L1 community and during L2 socialization they reflect on their identity and social relationships (Steffensen & Kramsch, 2017). Case studies use an ecological approach to examine how L2 learning interacts with secondary socialization. They allow researchers to explore sociocultural, discursive, and personal aspects without detailed linguistic descriptions (Duff, 2014) and to examine language use and learning “as emergent, dynamic, unpredictable, open ended, and intersubjectively negotiated” (Douglas Fir Group, 2016, p. 19).

The talk explores how two refugees with no English established themselves in North America after fleeing Hungary in 1956 and then went on to have illustrious careers in their respective technical fields. Retrospective interviews were conducted in Hungarian with these two highly accomplished individuals, Gyuri (age: 86) and Tomi (age: 93), to elicit their reflections on their lived experiences. Data for triangulation, all in English, include oral history videos and a published memoir. Although their trajectories are different, the way they learnt English, socialized into their new contexts, developed new identities and maintained their Hungarian language and identity are similar.

Content analysis reveals their (1) learning of English and other languages, (2) uses of English and Hungarian, and (3) identities. Discourse analysis explores emerging patters in their multicompetence: how they convey meaning in Hungarian and English, how they codemix and how conscious they are about their own practices.



Brief Professional Bio (max. 100 words):
Marianne Nikolov (Ph.D., D.Sc.) is Professor Emerita of English Applied Linguistics at the University of Pécs, Hungary. Her research interests include: the age factor; early learning and teaching of modern languages: assessment of processes and outcomes in language education; individual differences (aptitude, attitudes, and motivation); teacher education, teachers’ beliefs and practices, and language policy. Her publications include longitudinal classroom research and large-scale national assessment projects. Recently she has been fascinated by language socialization phenomena. Her CV is at her website: http://ies.btk.pte.hu/content/nikolov_marianne. Email: nikolov.marianne@pte.hu

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Ellen Key’s Visit to Budapest, 1905 (Accepted)

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Abstract (max. 250 words):
“The Swedish Pallas” and “ Radical Europe’s aunt” needs no introduction: a celebrity of her time, Ellen Key (1849-1926) was a writer, essayist, teacher, educator, debater, literary critic, lecturer and the founder of Swedish interior design. A friend to renowned authors, painters and scholars from Scandinavia and all over the world, she played a central role in the emergence of the Det Moderna Genombrottet [‘The Modern Breakthrough’], an influential movement in Scandinavian naturalism and debating literature which replaced romanticism toward the end of the 19th century. Not long after her world-famous book, The Century of the Child, was published, Key wrote the fairly controversial book, Love and Marriage. The negative critical reception this book received in Sweden prompted her to embark upon on a lecture tour around Europe. Other than visiting Berlin, Vienna and Prague, in March, 1905, she held two talks in Budapest, Hungary. The reception of her lectures was mixed: her female audience exalted her views while men disparaged her work. This lecture provides a historical overview of Ellen Key’s work while also analyzing her visit to Budapest and subsequent reception in Hungary based on the contemporary press. The broader aim of this examination is to answer why Hungarian research literature exclusively views Ellen Key as an educator and the author of The Century of the Child when her work extended far beyond either role.


Brief Professional Bio (max. 100 words):
Andrea Poros is an Assistant Professor at Eötvös Loránd University's Faculty of Primary and Preschool Education at the Department of Foreign Languages and Literature.She is pursuing her PhD in Scandinavian studies. The topic of her thesis is Ellen Key's role as a writer in the Modern Breakthrough (Det Moderna Genombrottet) movement, the relationship between her and the 19th Scandinavian women writers and her reception in Hungary. Her most significant publications to date are entitled: Radical Europe’s Aunt and Sweden’s Pallas: Ellen Key (in Swedish ,2019) and Ellen Key before ’The Century of the Child’; (in Hungarian, 2016).

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Anti-War Poems by Endre Ady Protesting the Great War (Accepted)

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Abstract (max. 250 words):
New translations of Hungarian poetry are presented with the idea of commemorating the one-hundredth anniversary of the Great War (now better known as WWI) with antiwar poems written during that calamity. Every participating nation turned out a lot of patriotic verses to fuel the flames, but Hungary (an unwitting colony in the Habsburg Empire at that time) had a few great poets who, from its beginning, protested against the war in their writings instead of fomenting it. Most prominent among them was Edre Ady (1877-1919), an artistic and political rebel even before the war, taking aim at the vestiges of feudalism in his native land. His style was greatly influenced by the French Symbolists with which he revolutionized the traditional poetry of his time. The originals of the submitted translations appeared in a volume of poems “Halottak élén” (Leading the Dead) in 1918 while the war was still raging, but many of the most vociferous poems date from 1914 and 1915 when the outcome was undecided; yet, clear-sighted as ever in his social criticism, Ady could see the beginning of the end of Western Civilization in the carnage unfolding in Europe. Thus these poems (in the presenter’s new translation) are offered here as historic documents, not only as literature although some of them have been published in leading literary journals such as Osiris, Consequences and others.


Brief Professional Bio (max. 100 words):
Paul Sohar came to the US as a ’56 Hungarian student refugee, has been writing and publishing in every genre, including seventeen volumes of translations from Hungarian, the latest being “The Conscience of Trees” (poems by Zoltán Böszörményi, Ragged Sky Press, 2018). His own poetry: “Homing Poems” (Iniquity Press, 2006), “The Wayward Orchard” (Wordrunner Press Prize winner, 2011) and “In Sun’s Shadow” (Ragged Sky, 2020). Awards: first prize in the 2012 Lincoln Poets Society contest, two nominations for Pushcart Prize and three translation prizes in Budapest. Magazines publications: Agni, Gargoyle, Kenyon Review, Rattle, etc.

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Using the Feminine Pen in Communist Hungary: reputation of Magda Szabó in Germany, France and Britain (Accepted)

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Abstract (max. 250 words):
It is one of the supposedly unquestionable verities of studies addressing the reputation of contemporary Hungarian literature abroad that it is created in two different language environments: aesthetic reputations are created by the German literary environment, while commercial success is initiated and maintained by publishing in English. Most recently it was suggested by Adam Levy that ‘[m]any of the writers still active – Nádas, Esterházy, Krasznahorkai, Kertész and Konrád – have close ties to Germany, the region’s seat of literary consecration, which has given momentum to their popular rise in English.’ This brief description presents a rather convincing model, but does it have general applicability to any kind of literature irrespective of genre, and does it still reflect the state of affairs? And what contributes to the rise of reputations? Generalisations of this nature often simplify our perception of Hungarian literature’s circulation, in the company of complaints that Hungarian literature is largely unknown on the international circuit, and if it is, it is simply due the emergence of new, post-2000 understandings of ‘world literature.’ My proposal sets out to investigate the avenues and methods of literary consecration through the examination of the literary reputation of the immensely popular, widely translated and prizewinning author Magda Szabó. Through the examination of contemporary reviews, interviews and other reception and life-writing documents, my presentation will suggest that chance encounters and carefully nurtured personal networks play an important and perceptible role in shaping the authors’ presence and reputation in the international book market.


Brief Professional Bio (max. 100 words):
Zsuzsanna Varga teaches Hungarian studies at the University of Glasgow. Her research interests focus on reception and translation studies and travel writing with a focus on Central European literary cultures. Her edited volumes include The Worlds of Hungarian Writing (2016); Popular Cinema in East Central Europe (2017) and Reflections in the Library: Selected Literary Essays by Antal Szerb (2017).

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Distance and Indirectness in the Literature of Holocaust Memory in Hungary and in the United States (Accepted)

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Abstract (max. 250 words):
Although the events of the Shoah took place in Central and Eastern European locations, its memorialization has become a global phenomenon. Regarding the amount of institutions and artistic representations concerning the Shoah, we could argue that the United States has grown into the absolute center of Holocaust memory.
With the imminent disappearance of witnesses, authors of the successive generations form the contemporary literature of the Holocaust, but in the center of their works, it is not the representation of historical events, but rather their distance from them. While in countries directly affected by the Nazi persecution, this distance is marked by the post-generations’ ambivalent experience of being-born-after, in the United States, the distance is both spatial and temporal.
This paper will focus on differences between the contemporary literatures of Holocaust memory in the United States and in Hungary, by comparing works of US-based authors, like Jonathan Safran Foer, Nicole Krauss and Michael Chabon with Hungarian texts written by Gábor Zoltán, Pál Závada and Krisztina Tóth. While American novels tend to engage in topics, such as immigration experience, language and Jewish identity, the discussed Hungarian books rather focus on post-Holocaust history affected by the recent trauma and the afterlife of the landscapes of persecution. Both literatures are strongly marked by indirectness, however in American prose, it manifests mostly in the virtuoso use of imagination, as opposed to Hungarian texts, which are often characterized by their creative use of documents and data.


Brief Professional Bio (max. 100 words):
Eszter Vilmos is a fourth year Ph.D. student conducting research on the transnational literature of Holocaust memory at the University of Pécs. She has a bachelor’s degree in Hungarian and French literature and linguistics, and a master’s in Modern Hungarian Literature. Besides her academic endeavors focused on Holocaust studies and translation theory, Eszter often writes reviews on contemporary literature and theater. She spent the fall semester as a visiting researcher at Columbia University in New York, NY with a Fulbright scholarship, under the supervision of Prof. Marianne Hirsch.

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An Intimate “Rhetoric of Empire”: Sándor Márai’s Embers (Accepted)

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Abstract (max. 250 words):
In a brief vignette in Sándor Márai’s Embers [A gyertyák csonkig égnek], the narrator recalls his childhood walks in the Schönbrunn. On one of these occasions, a woman with a white parasol hurries by. "The Empress," says the boy's chaplain. The boy responds that she looks like his mom. Such is the intimate familiarity the story projects between the narrator's life and the Austro-Hungarian Empire itself. This dreamlike equivalence between the personal and cultural reimagines the bygone empire less as a spatial colony, and more as a symbolic origin of cultural pluralism and sanity. It is against this imaginary symbolic origin that the story unfolds its morose reflections on personal and historical destiny. Such mythified premises (the story centers on an aging aristocrat still living in a Transylvanian castle as the second world war erupts) allow, however, for a narrative voice that eloquently intertwines existential and epochal reflection. These contradictory tensions mark the author’s own life—a Hungarian-Saxon Germanophile, born in 1900 in a bourgeois family of aristocratic origins, he died in California, a censored dissident against both Naziism and Soviet Communism, in the epochal year 1989. Márai’s work thus turns on its head any easy association between literary and political form. This paper asks what happens to these tensions between personal and historical time when they become problems immanent to the novel’s generic and rhetorical form.


Brief Professional Bio (max. 100 words):
Attila is a PhD candidate at the University of California, Berkeley. His dissertation traces the emergence of phenomenology and theories of mind in nineteenth-century English poetry, aesthetics and philosophy. His article on Gerard Manley Hopkins, entitled "The Grammar of Instress," is forthcoming from New Literary History.

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